Organic additives, such as Magnafloc 333, are added to the electrowinning circuit to ensure a smooth plated surface. ![]() Keywords: Electrowinning, copper, Hull cell, Magnafloc 333, chloride ion.Ĭopper cathode quality is of great importance because it is sold in its as-stripped state. Polyhedral deposits were associated with high-quality, smooth plated cathodes. Many polyhedral crystals were deposited from the synthetic electrolytes, but deposits from the plant electrolytes tended to be spherical, with a large degree of porosity at the lower Magnafloc 333 concentration of 0.01 g/L. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyse the morphology of the cathodes plated. These concentrations were then used to plate laboratory-scale copper cathodes from synthetic and plant electrolytes. Optimum Magnafloc 333 and chloride concentrations for a synthetic plant electrolyte were found to be 0.01 g/L and 0.025 g/L, respectively. Chloride is added to promote the growth of dense, fine-grained, low-impurity copper deposits on the cathode. Magnafloc 333 is a non-ionic polyacrylamide that promotes the plating of smooth, dense copper deposits with minimal impurities. In the present work the effects of Magnafloc 333 and chloride concentration were studied with the aim of minimizing the amounts currently being added, while producing an acceptable copper cathode morphology. When electrowinning is coupled to a solvent extraction operation, it is important to minimize the amount of surface-active additives used, as their presence tends to increase phase-disengagement times. ![]() These cathodes have the best levels of purity. IIDepartment of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Pretoria, South AfricaĮlectrowinning circuits normally use a number of additives in the electrolyte to promote smooth, compact deposits. IDepartment of Mining and Process Engineering, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Namibia Improving cathode morphology at a copper electrowinning plant by optimizing Magnafloc 333 and chloride concentrations
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